Fabrication of porous titania sheet via tape casting: Microstructure and water permeability study

In this article, we report the effects of slurry formulation and sintering conditions on the microstructure and permeability of porous titania sheets prepared by tape casting. It was found that solid concentration and binder content in the titania slurry play a vital role in the porosity and microstructure of the sintered titania sheets. Solid concentration and binder content were optimized based on the green tape quality and open porosity of the sintered titania sheets. The optimum solid concentration with the lowest surface roughness was obtained at 0.61 g/cm³. The effects of temperature and sintering time on the open porosity and crystal structure of the final product were also investigated. Increasing the sintering temperature from 1000 to 1100 °C resulted in increasing the pore size from 170 to 264 nm and decreasing the open porosity. Finally, water permeability of the porous titania sheets was studied to evaluate the permeation flux and maximum operating pressure. The results revealed that the permeability of the porous titania sheet is increased not only by increasing the open porosity but also by increasing the pore size.     

Advantages and disadvantages of graphite addition on the characteristics of hot-pressed ZrB2–SiC composites

ZrB₂–SiC–graphite composites with 0–35 vol% graphite flakes were densified via hot-pressing route at the temperature of 1800 °C under the uniaxial pressure of 40 MPa for 1 h. Consolidation, mechanical properties, and microstructure of hot-pressed composites were investigated by variation of graphite content. By the addition of graphite, the relative density of composites increased, and at this hot pressing condition, fully densified composites were fabricated. The highest flexural strength of 366 MPa was measured for composite containing 7.5 vol% graphite, while the maximum Vickers hardness resulted in 2.5 vol% graphite doped one, and its value was equal to 20.8 GPa. Phase analysis of hot-pressed samples revealed the formation of the Zr₃C₂ and B₄C phases besides the main existing ZrB₂, SiC, and graphite phases. The newly carbide phases formed at the surface of ZrB₂ grains. The addition of graphite into the ZrB₂–SiC composites improved the sintering process and caused a fine-grained microstructure.     

New spraying process development for inlet deflector roller in a recoiling line

The inlet deflector rollers of a recoiling line are sprayed rollers. Short scratch lines have been found on the surface of steel sheets during commissioning. By adjusting the control parameters of the line and investigating the manufacturing process of inlet deflector rollers,the root cause of the scratches was found. By modifying the manufacturing process of the rollers,the scratches have been thoroughly eliminated,and quality steel sheets have been consistently produced in the recoiling line.     

高路堤预应力锚索桩板墙承载特性分析

以昆明—曼谷国际公路k70路堤加固工程为背景,采用原位测试方法,完成了不同工况下预应力锚索桩板墙承载特性的现场试验。通过观测结构位移、土压力、桩身内力以及锚索预应力等,系统分析了预应力锚索桩板墙的受力特性与力学行为。锚索桩板墙对高路堤的加固效果显著,填筑初期结构位移随填土高度线性增加,锚索施工后增速有所减缓;初始填筑阶段,抗滑桩变形以刚性倾斜为主,随着锚索张拉和桩后填土不断增高桩身产生了较为明显的弯曲变形。作用在抗滑桩后的土压力大致呈三角形分布,板后土压力大致呈抛物线型分布;相同埋深条件下作用在抗滑桩上的土压力明显大于挡板,原因在于相邻抗滑桩间产生了明显的土拱效应,下部相邻抗滑桩间的土拱效应更强;与解析解的对比结果表明,实测最大桩后土压力与滑坡推力接近,远小于被动土压力;实测板后土压力与主动土压力接近,工程设计中可选取Rankine主动土压力作为挡板的设计荷载,在不利位置采取增大板厚等措施避免挡板发生破坏。采用弹性弯曲梁理论对锚索桩板墙内力计算的结果与实测结果基本一致。张拉锁定初期锚索预应力损失较大,约为设计荷载的10%,后期锚索预应力逐渐趋于稳定,锚索预应力长期损失约为设计荷载值的12%~15%。     

金属薄板平面铣削形变分析与控制

由于初始残余应力的作用,金属薄板平面加工普遍存在加工难度大,加工变形严重等问题,难以保证板面的加工质量。以不锈钢薄板的平面加工为基础,通过理论分析、仿真模拟和实验验证的方式,对金属薄板的加工形变进行较为系统的研究,分析了金属薄板加工形变的关键因素,总结了金属薄板残余应力分布形式以及有效避免加工形变的工艺方法,为类似金属板材加工提供理论参考依据。     

优化作业方式提高始极片质量

针对某厂铜电解种板工序存在的始极片质量波动较大的问题,从种板系统体积控制和添加剂匹配的角度出发,分析各种因素对始极片质量的影响,做出了相应的改进措施,使种板系统运行更加稳定,始极片质量得到进一步提升。     

Superior hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis enabled by CoP nanowire array on graphite felt

Renewable electricity-powered hydrogen production is an attractive alternative to unsustainable industrial processes, but the large-scale implantation of such sustainable technology still requires efficient and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for driving cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), especially under alkaline conditions. In this paper, CoP nanowire array was in-situ developed on porous graphite felt (CoP/GF) as a new 3D electrocatalyst in facilitating hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis. This CoP/GF presents outstanding HER activity, requiring a low overpotential of 130 mV to deliver a current density of 20 mA cm^?2 as tested in 1.0 M KOH. Furthermore, this free-standing catalyst exhibits impressive long-term durability of up to 50 h under working conditions.     

Green preparation of in situ Cr3C2 nano-coatings on graphite surface and their water-wettability and rheological properties

Cr₃C₂ coatings were successfully prepared on the surface of graphite flakes via a molten salt route by mixing Cr powders with natural graphite flakes in a binary LiCl-KCl salt at 450–950?°C for 4–12?h. The phases and microstructures of the coatings were verified by its XRD/XPS spectra and SEM/AFM observations, respectively. Together with the dissolution/dispersion evidence of chromium powders after interaction with the salt, and the slightly increased particle sizes due to the formation of Cr₃C₂ coatings on graphite flakes, a ‘template-growth’ kinetic process was therefore proposed on the formation of such coatings in the molten salt. The resultant coatings decreased the contact angle between water and graphite from 101° to ~ 75° and lowered the apparent viscosities of graphite water slurry by two orders of magnitude accordingly, suggesting that the coatings will afford graphite with good processing abilities for carbon-water based materials.     

Effects of Newtonian heating and thermal radiation on micropolar ferrofluid flow past a stretching surface: Spectral quasi‐linearization method

This study article addressesthe flow and heat transfer characteristics of a magnetite Fe₃O₄ micropolar ferrofluid flow past a stretching sheet. For practical interest, thermal radiation, Newtonian heating, and a heat source or sink are considered in this investigation. A useful Tiwari‐Das nanofluid model is considered to analyze the microstructure and inertial characteristics of the water‐based nanofluids containing iron oxide. The dimensionless nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved by employing suitable similarity variables. The resulting nonlinear system is solved by the spectral quasi‐linearization method. The effects of different nondimensional parameters on various profiles are shown graphically and explored in detail. It is found that the micropolar ferrofluid exhibits a higher energy distribution than that of a classical micropolar fluid. Compared to the classical micropolar liquid, local skin‐friction is more significant for the micropolar magnetite ferrofluid. In the presence of Newtonian heating, the thermal behavior of the micropolar nanofluid is remarkably better than that of the classical micropolar fluid.     

Magnetohydrodynamics boundary layer flow and heat transfer in porous medium past an exponentially stretching sheet under the influence of radiation

Buoyancy forces result from the cooling or heating of a continuous stretching sheet, which causes a change in the resulting flow and thermal fields, and hence the heat transfer behavior in the manufacturing process. The study of the thermal buoyancy induced in boundary layer flow is important due to its recent advances in the areas of nuclear energy, electronics, and space technology. In this perspective, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of the buoyancy parameter on the magnetohydrodynamics boundary layer flow over an exponentially stretched sheet in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and porous media. Using similarity transformation, the flow model of partial differential equations is transformed into a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The efficient fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta scheme with the shooting method is used to solve the reduced equations. The impact of various associated parameters on velocity and temperature profiles were analyzed and computed through graphs. The major outcome of the present study shows the enhancement in the velocity distribution with the increase in the buoyancy parameter. Also, the increase in thermal buoyancy and thermal radiation leads to an increase in fluid temperature. Moreover, it is worth to note that the fluid velocity declines with the augmentation of the magnetic parameter.